Independence Day, in India, national holiday celebrated annually on August 15. Independence Day marks the end of British rule in 1947, brought about by the Indian Independence Act of July 18 that year, and the establishment of a free and independent Indian nation. It also marks the anniversary of the partition of the subcontinent into two countries, India and Pakistan, which occurred at midnight on August 14–15, 1947.
British rule in India began in 1757 when, following the British victory at the Battle of Plassey, the English East India Company began exercising control over the country. The East India Company ruled India for 100 years, until it was replaced by direct British rule (often referred to as the British raj) in the wake of the Indian Mutiny in 1857–58. The Indian independence movement began during World War I and was led by Mohandas K. Gandhi, who advocated for a peaceful and nonviolent end to British rule.
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Independence Day is marked throughout India with flag-raising ceremonies, drills, and the singing of the Indian national anthem. Additionally, various cultural programs are made available in the state capitals. After the prime minister participates in the flag-raising ceremony at the Red Fort historic monument in Old Delhi, a parade ensues with members of the armed forces and police. The prime minister then delivers a televised address to the country, recounting the major accomplishments of India during the previous year and outlining future challenges and goals. Kite flying has also become an Independence Day tradition, with kites of various sizes, shapes, and colours filling the sky. Also, to commemorate the day, government offices in New Delhi remain lit throughout the holiday, even though they are closed.
British Rule: India was under British rule for nearly 200 years. The struggle for independence involved numerous leaders, movements, and sacrifices.
Independence Achieved: On August 15, 1947, India finally gained its independence, ending British colonial rule. The Indian Independence Act was passed by the British Parliament, transferring legislative sovereignty to the Indian Constituent Assembly.
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Flag Hoisting: The Prime Minister of India hoists the national flag at the Red Fort in Delhi, followed by a speech addressing the nation. This speech highlights the country's achievements over the past year, addresses important issues, and outlines future goals.
Parades and Cultural Programs: Various parades and cultural programs are organized across the country, showcasing India's diverse culture and heritage. School children participate in performances, and local communities organize events.
Patriotic Displays: Buildings and streets are decorated with the tricolor (the Indian flag). People wear clothes in the national colors and participate in various patriotic activities.
Public Celebrations: Communities come together to celebrate with fireworks, music, and dance. Patriotic songs and films are played on television and radio.
Tributes to Freedom Fighters: The day is also a time to remember and pay tribute to the freedom fighters who sacrificed their lives for the country's independence.
National Flag: The Indian national flag, also known as the Tricolor, is a symbol of pride and unity. It features three horizontal stripes of saffron, white, and green, with a blue Ashoka Chakra (wheel) in the center.
Patriotism and Unity: Independence Day fosters a sense of national pride and unity among Indians. It serves as a reminder of the country's journey to freedom and the responsibilities of its citizens to uphold democratic values and work towards national progress.
India's Independence Day is a time for reflection on the country's past, celebration of its present achievements, and a pledge to build a better future.
